Selenium Java Articles

JUnit 6 raises the Java baseline to 17, unifies module versioning, adds native Kotlin coroutine support, and removes legacy modules. See what's new in JUnit 6.

Faisal Khatri

June 26, 2026

5 min read

Learn how to automate Selenium login tests with ChatGPT. Explore prompts, code walkthroughs, debugging tips, and best practices for better test generation.

Vipul Gupta

May 27, 2026

5 min read

Learn about Shadow DOM in Selenium, how to find elements using getShadowRoot(), JavaScriptExecuter and automate Shadow DOM with Selenium.

Navin Chandra

November 25, 2025

22 min read

Learn how to set up and run Selenium Proxy with Python to bypass IP bans, handle geo-restrictions, and scale browser automation securely.

Alex Anie

September 3, 2025

31 min read

Learn how to use Selenium Stealth Mode to bypass bot detection in web scraping with step-by-step setup, examples, and cloud testing on TestMu AI (Formerly LambdaTest).

Mayank Bhola

September 3, 2025

23 min read

Learn how to write effective Gherkin test cases with clear structure, tags, and scenario outlines to improve collaboration and automation.

Saniya Gazala

August 18, 2025

31 min read

Set up Selenium with Java, write your first WebDriver test, scale to parallel execution, and apply best practices for maintainable automation.

Salman Khan

August 1, 2025

24 min read

Learn how the Robot class in Selenium helps automate system-level tasks like file uploads, pop-ups, and keyboard events for more complete test coverage.

Saniya Gazala

July 19, 2025

21 min read

Learn how to perform Java unit testing using JUnit with step-by-step guidance on setup, writing test cases, and ensuring your code works as expected.

Deboshree

July 11, 2025

15 min read

Learn how to findElement() by text in Selenium for dynamic IDs and Classes. Overcome challenges, enhance automation testing, and gain practical insights.

Vipul Gupta

June 2, 2025

14 min read

Learn how to write JUnit test cases step by step with @Test, assertions, and arrange-act-assert, using runnable JUnit 6 examples and a real Selenium cloud run.

Faisal Khatri

December 2, 2024

24 min read

Common exceptions in automation testing and how to handle them with TestNG exception tests using expectedExceptions, with runnable Selenium examples.

Vipul Gupta

October 25, 2024

31 min read

Pagination divides a website's content across multiple pages, using a navigation panel with page-number buttons and first, next, previous, and last controls, as seen on Amazon, eBay, and Gmail, while Facebook uses infinite scrolling instead. Selenium Java automates clicking through these paginated pages on the TestMu AI cloud grid to verify each page's content.

Faisal Khatri

September 13, 2024

24 min read

Learn how to setup JUnit 5 on Windows, configure environment variables, install JUnit in IntelliJ IDEA, and write and run your first JUnit test in Java.

StaleElementReferenceException in Selenium occurs when a saved WebElement is no longer attached to the DOM. Learn how to handle and prevent it in Java.

Faisal Khatri

July 31, 2024

18 min read

Learn to write test cases in Java with Selenium WebDriver and TestNG: locate WebElements, add assertions, and run tests locally or on a cloud grid.

Vipul Gupta

July 8, 2024

26 min read

This TestNG guide will help you in creating a TestNG.xml file and then executing multiple test cases in parallel on a Selenium Grid.

Faisal Khatri

June 21, 2024

25 min read

Extent Reports is a library that generates customized, HTML-based test reports for Selenium, most commonly integrated through the TestNG framework. Generating a report requires three classes, ExtentSparkReporter to create the HTML file, ExtentReports to attach it, and ExtentTest to log each test's pass, fail, or skip status, with STANDARD and DARK available via the setTheme method.

Vipul Gupta

June 14, 2024

34 min read

Learn to handle authentication popups in Selenium WebDriver, explore its different types of alerts, and effectively manage login prompts during web automation.

Vipul Gupta

June 13, 2024

26 min read

Learn how to handle hidden elements in Selenium WebDriver with Java: JavaScriptExecutor clicks, getAttribute for text, isDisplayed checks, and hidden dropdowns.

Discover how to use Selenium sendkeys for sending keystrokes automatically! Dive into our blog for insights on effective sendkeys utilization.

Solomon Eseme

May 21, 2024

22 min read

ThreadLocal in Java is a class that gives each thread its own independent copy of a variable, and pairing it with Selenium WebDriver means every parallel test thread gets its own isolated WebDriver instance instead of sharing one. This eliminates cross-thread interference and removes the need for manual synchronization like locks, making parallel Selenium execution safer and more stable.

Vipul Gupta

May 7, 2024

32 min read

Ever wondered how to use Thread.sleep in Java? Learn everything there is to know about the method and using it in Selenium. Read more.

Faisal Khatri

April 25, 2024

27 min read

In this tutorial, learn how to handle Shadow root in Selenium Java using the getShadowRoot() method and JavaScriptExecuter.

Faisal Khatri

April 22, 2024

31 min read

Learn to take screenshot in Selenium Java and get in depth knowledge of why it is critical in the software testing lifecycle.

Tanay Kumar Deo

April 5, 2024

19 min read

Learn how to click on a button in Selenium with working Java, Python, and JavaScript examples covering left-click, right-click, double-click, drag-and-drop, JavascriptExecutor fallback, and explicit waits.

Faisal Khatri

March 28, 2024

38 min read

Fix the "Element Not Clickable at Point" error in Selenium. Learn causes like overlaps, delays, and proven solutions with examples.

Faisal Khatri

March 28, 2024

23 min read

Master the art of closing browser tabs in Selenium with Python and Java. Optimize your test automation with effective tab management.

Tanay Kumar Deo

March 21, 2024

41 min read

A modal dialog box in Selenium WebDriver Java is a Bootstrap modal window built from a trigger element, the modal container, and its modal content, which sits on top of the page and must be interacted with first. Selenium fetches this modal element and operates on its content, alongside handling related alerts and pop-up windows.

Vipul Gupta

March 20, 2024

36 min read

Stay ahead of the curve in software testing with our list of the 13 best Java testing frameworks for 2026.

Salman Khan

February 20, 2024

26 min read

How to install TestNG in Eclipse from the Marketplace or the update site, verify the plugin, convert an existing Java project, and run your first TestNG test.

Kritika Murari

February 12, 2024

13 min read

TestNG is a robust Java-based testing framework. Streamline parallel testing and leverage comprehensive reporting while harnessing the power of TestNG in Selenium.

Vipul Gupta

January 24, 2024

62 min read

Learn how to effectively manage dynamic dropdowns in Selenium WebDriver using Java. Master the art of automated testing for dynamic web elements.

Faisal Khatri

January 16, 2024

54 min read

assertTrue() is a method in JUnit 5's org.junit.Assertions class that verifies a supplied boolean condition evaluates to true, failing the test immediately when it does not. It is a hard assertion, meaning execution halts at the point of failure so dependent tests are skipped, unlike a soft assertion, which logs failures and lets the test run to completion.

Faisal Khatri

December 12, 2023

27 min read

Web Scraping or Web Data Extraction automatically extracts data from any target website using software tools and scripts. This blog delves into the intricacies of performing web scraping with Selenium Java for different websites.

Vipul Gupta

November 13, 2023

41 min read

NoSuchElementException is one of the most common exceptions in Selenium, which occurs when an element is not found on the page. This blog post discusses NoSuchElementException, why it occurs, and how to fix NoSuchElementException in Selenium with Java.

Vipul Gupta

November 6, 2023

28 min read

The @FindBy annotation in Selenium Java's Page Factory model lets testers declaratively specify how to locate a web element, such as by id, name, xpath, or css, making automation code more readable and maintainable. Using @FindBy also requires calling PageFactory's initElements method in the page object's constructor for the annotation to take effect.

Faisal Khatri

October 31, 2023

48 min read

Selenium visual regression testing compares baseline and current screenshots pixel by pixel to catch UI bugs like misaligned buttons before release.

Faisal Khatri

October 10, 2023

39 min read

Discover JUnit ErrorCollector, a crucial tool for comprehensive test coverage. Learn how it simplifies error handling, ensuring smooth test execution.

ElementClickInterceptedException in Selenium occurs when a click command cannot execute because the target WebElement is not clickable, typically because another WebElement is overlapping it. This Selenium Java tutorial explains the exception's causes and walks through fixing it in a sample test that logs into a demo site and clicks past a blocking overlay.

Faisal Khatri

September 18, 2023

40 min read

This blog delves into the intricacies of handling auto-suggestions in Selenium Java for web automation using different techniques.

Vipul Gupta

August 4, 2023

41 min read

How Thread.sleep() pauses a Java thread, why it takes milliseconds, and when Selenium's implicit, explicit and fluent waits are the better choice.

Faisal Khatri

July 24, 2023

41 min read

How Arrays.asList() converts an array to a List in Java, the fixed-size trap that throws UnsupportedOperationException, and when to wrap it in an ArrayList.

Arun Gupta

June 16, 2023

21 min read

This blog discusses some of the most common reasons for NoSuchWindowException in Selenium and the best practices to handle it.

Vipul Gupta

June 6, 2023

31 min read

This blog on JUnit Ignore Test annotation will provide valuable inputs and practical advice on how to disable/skip tests using different annotations.

Faisal Khatri

May 12, 2023

51 min read

SSL, or Secure Sockets Layer, is the security protocol that encrypts data between a browser and server using standards like AES, RSA, and TLS. Because Selenium WebDriver launches a fresh browser profile for every automation run, these certificates go missing and trigger connection-not-secure errors, which is why WebDriver scripts must handle SSL certificates explicitly across browsers.

Vipul Gupta

April 26, 2023

28 min read

Local website testing means hosting and testing a website on a developer's machine, often via a local server like XAMPP, before it reaches a staging or production environment. Selenium can automate this by pairing a WebDriver Java script with a cloud grid's tunnel app, connecting the local host to thousands of browser and OS combinations without touching the local infrastructure.

Vipul Gupta

February 8, 2023

21 min read

Automate toggle buttons in Selenium Java: locate each toggle by ID or CSS selector, click it to switch ON or OFF, and verify its state with isSelected().

Fidaa Berrjeb

November 24, 2022

20 min read

A fluent interface design pattern chains automation methods so each call returns an object exposing only the next valid action, turning Selenium test code into something read almost like human language. It relies on method chaining, static factory methods, and parameters simulated through those factories rather than passing raw test data directly into a method signature.

Faisal Khatri

October 27, 2022

42 min read

Get an HTTP response status code with Apache HttpClient: the getCode() call, what each 2xx to 5xx class means, and how to assert on it in a test.

Vipul Gupta

July 11, 2022

25 min read

This article discusses various techniques on how to select multiple Checkboxes in Selenium WebDriver using Java.

Vipul Gupta

June 20, 2022

23 min read

isDisplayed() is a Selenium WebDriver method that returns a Boolean confirming whether a located web element is currently visible on the page, helping avoid false test failures caused by elements that have not yet rendered. Selenium also provides isEnabled() to check if an element can be interacted with and isSelected() to check whether a checkbox or radio button is selected.

Shalini Baskaran

April 22, 2022

25 min read

Learn window handling in Selenium WebDriver using Java with getWindowHandle, getWindowHandles, switchTo, and Selenium 4 newWindow API examples.

Ria Dayal

March 24, 2022

23 min read

In this JUnit Jupiter tutorial, we explore the basic usage of Jupiter, its unit testing capabilities, and how you can run JUnit tests in Jupiter.

Shalini Baskaran

March 16, 2022

30 min read

Java Event Listeners in Selenium WebDriver use the WebDriverEventListener interface, which defines over 20 methods such as beforeClickOn, afterFindBy, and onException, to automatically log actions and exceptions during a test run. Wrapping a WebDriver instance in EventFiringWebDriver and registering a class that implements these methods captures navigation, clicks, and input events without manually adding a log statement after each action.

Vipul Gupta

February 4, 2022

19 min read

Learn the difference between findElement and findElements in Selenium, plus findElement examples using ID, Name, ClassName, TagName, XPath and CSS selectors.

Ria Dayal

January 18, 2022

32 min read

Learn how to effectively Handle Captcha in Selenium with expert tips and techniques. Elevate your web automation testing proficiency.

Ria Dayal

January 6, 2022

26 min read

Selenium is a free, open-source suite of tools, including Selenium IDE, WebDriver, and Grid, used to automate browser testing across multiple programming languages such as Java, Python, C#, and Ruby. Selenium WebDriver interacts directly with the browser without an intermediary, unlike the older Selenium RC, and Selenium Grid supports standalone, hub-and-node, and fully distributed modes for running tests in parallel.

Shahzeb Hoda

January 3, 2022

28 min read

JUnit 5 vs TestNG compared on annotations, suites, parameterization, parallel execution, and reports, so you can pick the right framework for Selenium tests.

Shalini Baskaran

December 27, 2021

44 min read

Learn to switch between iframes in Selenium Java with switchTo().frame() by id, index, or WebElement, handle nested iframes, and switch back to the main page.

Shalini Baskaran

December 15, 2021

14 min read

In this JUnit 5 Mockito tutorial, we will see how Mockito can be used with the JUnit unit testing framework and its new features in the bucket for JUnit 5.

Ruchira Shukla

December 6, 2021

21 min read

Learn how to minimize browser windows in Selenium WebDriver using JUnit, with the minimize() method, the setPosition() workaround, and keyboard shortcuts.

Ria Dayal

November 30, 2021

18 min read

In this blog, we will see how to perform parallel test execution in TestNG on multiple browsers for Selenium automation testing.

Harita Ravindranath

November 12, 2021

31 min read

In this TestNG tutorial, you will learn how to use different assertions in TestNG and see how they are helpful in Selenium automation testing.

Praveen Mishra

November 1, 2021

27 min read

In this blog, you will learn how to use @RepeatedTest annotation in JUnit 5 to achieve the repetition of test cases and the use case for that.

Ruchira Shukla

October 27, 2021

17 min read

In this blog, we will see how to set test case priority in TestNG while performing Selenium automation testing.

Ria Dayal

October 12, 2021

28 min read

Page Factory in Selenium is a built-in class that implements the Page Object Model using @FindBy and initElements to reduce repetitive test code.

Himanshu Sheth

October 11, 2021

34 min read

In this Selenium TestNG tutorial, we will learn about the Reporter Class in TestNG along with the different parameters it offers.

Ria Dayal

October 1, 2021

25 min read

A data-driven framework in Selenium separates test logic from test data, letting testers change input values without editing code. Apache POI reads xls files through its HSSFWorkbook class and xlsx files through XSSFWorkbook, and TestNG's DataProvider then feeds each Excel row into a test method for cross-browser testing.

Himanshu Sheth

September 28, 2021

54 min read

In this blog, we deep dive into how to perform parallel test execution with the JUnit 5 framework and Selenium.

Shalini Baskaran

September 11, 2021

29 min read

JUnit 5 extensions explained: how @ExtendWith and the Extension API add behavior to test classes and methods, with lifecycle and parameter examples.

Ghislain Kalonji Mukendi

August 3, 2021

39 min read

In this blog, you will learn to handle cookies in Selenium WebDriver, clearing session cookies using Selenium, and more.

Shalini Baskaran

July 28, 2021

17 min read

TestNG removed JUnit support in 7.10.0. Learn how to run JUnit and TestNG Selenium tests together on the JUnit Platform, with working Java examples.

Ruchira Shukla

July 27, 2021

24 min read

Selenium WebDriver dropped the native ability to modify HTTP request headers that Selenium RC once supported, so testers automating in Java need alternate techniques to change those headers during a test run. HTTP headers fall into request, response, representation, and payload categories, and a Firefox extension can modify them but only works with Firefox, not Chrome or Edge.

Harshit Paul

June 23, 2021

20 min read

TestNG and JUnit are the top Java testing frameworks. Compare annotations, parallel execution and grouping to pick the right one for Selenium testing.

Ruchira Shukla

May 24, 2021

23 min read

Is JUnit 4 different than JUnit 5? In this blog, learn the differences in annotations, how to migrate tests from JUnit4, and to execute tests with JUnit 5.

Shalini Baskaran

April 26, 2021

20 min read

Generate TestNG reports in Jenkins with the TestNG Results Plugin, read the trend graph and failed tests, then share the report with your team by email.

Piyusha Podutwar

February 4, 2021

27 min read

Learn how groups in TestNG let you run smoke, regression, or specific tests on demand, with examples for @BeforeGroups, dependsOnGroups, and the command line.

Himanshu Sheth

December 21, 2020

32 min read

Want to run JUnit tests from the command line? Read on to learn how to compile and run JUnit tests from the command line in different ways.

Himanshu Sheth

November 19, 2020

32 min read

Learn how to use DataProvider in TestNG to inject multiple values into a single Selenium test, including inheritance, Excel, parallel execution, and cloud runs.

Kritika Murari

August 18, 2020

17 min read

Learn how to create your first TestNG project in Eclipse with this step-by-step guide for Selenium WebDriver and run your first Selenium TestNG Script.

Praveen Mishra

July 31, 2020

21 min read

Stop rewriting tests for every input. Learn JUnit parameterized tests with @ParameterizedTest and data sources, with Selenium examples.

Harshit Paul

April 21, 2020

24 min read

Page object model helps to reduce code duplication and improve test maintenance. Read now to learn how to implement POM design pattern with examples in Java.

Rahul Rana

April 13, 2020

27 min read